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language:grammar [2017/11/18 15:22] – external edit 127.0.0.1language:grammar [2020/01/19 16:51] (current) – Moved to new wiki pinkgothic
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 The language of the [[species:Threadwielders]] has a simple and flexible grammar, in that it imposes few rules about the composition of sentences. In combination with the language's tendency to [[language:dictionary|portmanteau]] words and shorten them (see below), this has a tendency to cause ambiguities. For situations where clarity is important, or the ambiguity too great, adherence to the recommended sentence structure, without portmanteaus and abbreviations, is expected. The language of the [[species:Threadwielders]] has a simple and flexible grammar, in that it imposes few rules about the composition of sentences. In combination with the language's tendency to [[language:dictionary|portmanteau]] words and shorten them (see below), this has a tendency to cause ambiguities. For situations where clarity is important, or the ambiguity too great, adherence to the recommended sentence structure, without portmanteaus and abbreviations, is expected.
- 
-===== Compound Numbers ===== 
- 
-The Threadwielder system does not have a fixed base and instead chains [[language:dictionary|numbers]] together as factors. To prevent this from resulting in excessively long words for numbers, the number being used as a base usually has its distinct suffix shortened into a prefix. A final //-atel// suffix is optional. 
- 
-If you were so inclined, you could use the long form and just go haywire: 
- 
-  aralaraharazarasharar 
-  = aralarah'arazarasharar 
-  = atel'aralarah'arazarasharar 
-  = atel + aral * arah + araz * arash * arar 
-  = 0 + 30 + 8 
-  = 38 (decimal) 
- 
-...but you might get murdered for it. :) 
-   
-Example shorthand usage with bases: 
- 
-  maraz 
-  = atel'maraz 
-  = atel'arazaram 
-  = atel + araz * (aram) 
-  = 0 + 1 * (10^1) 
-  = 10 (decimal) 
- 
-  matelmaraz 
-  = atelatelaramarazaramaram 
-  = atel'atelaram'arazaramaram 
-  = atel + atel * (aram) + araz * (aram * aram) 
-  = 0 + 0 * (10^1) + 1 * (10^2) 
-  = 100 (decimal) 
- 
-  arahmaraz 
-  = arah'maraz 
-  = arah'arazaram 
-  = arah + araz * (aram) 
-  = 6 + 1 * (10^1) 
-  = 16 (decimal) 
- 
-  arahmarazmaraz 
-  = arah'maraz'maraz 
-  = arah'arazaram'arazaramaram 
-  = arah + araz * (aram) + araz * (aram * aram) 
-  = 6 + 1 * (10^1) + 1 * (10^2) 
-  = 116 (decimal) 
- 
-  arazsharazshatelsharaz 
-  = araz'sharaz'shatel'sharaz 
-  = araz + araz * (arash) + atel * (arash * arash) + araz * (arash * arash * arash) 
-  = 1 + 1 * (2^1) + 0 * (2^2) + 1 * (2^3) 
-  = 1011 (base 2) 
-  = 11 (decimal) 
- 
-  ararharaz 
-  = arar'haraz 
-  = arar + araz * (arah) 
-  = 4 + 1 * (6^1) 
-  = 14 (base 6) 
-  = 10 (decimal) 
- 
-===== Personal Pronoun Inflections ===== 
- 
-There are three inflections on personal pronouns: Possessive, reflexive and honorific. 
- 
-  * //-i// for the possessive form, for example //sai// means //my//. 
-  * //e// replaces the last letter for the accusative form, for example //se// means //me//.\\ Not an exception: The accusative form of //e// is still //e//. That being said, some dialects might render it as //y// instead.\\ Exception: The accusative form of //na'a// is //ne'a//. 
-  * //-'ik// for the reflexive form, for example //sa'ik// means //myself//. 
-  * //-qa// or //-qua// or //-kwa// (compound word usually capitalised) for the honorific form, for example //Nakwa// would be an honorific form of //you//. 
-  * //-qi// or //-qui// or //-kwi// (compound word usually capitalised) for the honorific possessive form, for example //Nakwi// would be an honorific form of //your//. 
- 
-Note that //zetu// inflects as //Zetakwa// and //Zetakwi// rather than as //Zetukwa// and //Zetukwi// - though someone would definitely still be understood if they used latter. //e// inflects as //a// for the possessive form, but otherwise behaves normally (//Ekwa//, //Ekwi//). 
- 
-There are also two common contractions: 
- 
-  * //-'n// as a contraction of the pronoun and "//to be//", for example //sa'n// means //I'm//. 
-  * //-'s// as a contraction of the pronoun and "//should//" or "//ought to//", for example //sa's// means //I should//. 
- 
-===== Plural form ===== 
- 
-Plural nouns are denoted using the suffix //-'a//, e.g. //vahr'a// would be //worlds//. 
- 
-===== Words Derived From Nouns ===== 
- 
-==== Adjectives ==== 
- 
-  * //-'is//, meaning "//having the attributes of -//", e.g. //adaryr'is// would be //nightmarish//. 
-  * //-'ei//, meaning "//not having the attributes of -//", e.g. //aiit'ei// would be //optionless//. 
- 
-==== Nouns ==== 
- 
-  * //-'iij//, meaning "//a group that has (or is) -//"((roughly equivalent to //-hood// or //-ship// in English)), e.g. //valcee'iij// might be used to describe a particular group of warriors ("//a group that has strength//"). 
-  * //iku'-//, meaning "//virtual -//"((simulated, electronic or digital, but without any connotation of non-existence)), e.g. //iku'preeth// would be a blog. 
-  * //ji'-//, describing connected space between two or more of the base noun((roughly equivalent to the English prefix //inter-//)), //ji'los̈a// could be "//interplanetary space//"((To get only the adjective "//interplanetary//", apply an adjective modifier: //ji'los̈a'is//)). 
- 
-===== Adjective Inflection ===== 
- 
-  * //-'ar// denoting "//more -//", e.g. //temi'ar// for //warmer//. 
-  * //-'arar// denoting "//most -//", e.g. //khalei'arar// for //craziest//. 
-  * //-ma// to create an adverb((This does not usually stack with //'is// (unless it's necessary to remove ambiguities). For example, //szamhama// is //securely// (from the noun //szamha//, security, synonymous with and reduced from //szamha'isma//), and //khaleima// is //crazily// (from the adjective //khalei//).)). 
- 
-===== Verb Inflection ===== 
- 
-All base forms of verbs end in a [[language:alphabet|vowel]] and an //s//: 
- 
-  * //-as//\\ the most common form, as in //sras̈as// (to plead) 
-  * //-es//\\ as in //azhares// (to clad/encase in armour) 
-  * //-is//\\ as in //sekis// (to make) 
-  * //-os//\\ as in //sarijos// (to apologise) 
-  * //-us//\\ as in //quanus// (to live) 
-  * //-ys//\\ as in //vedys// (to think) 
- 
-The alterations made to the base form can either be: 
- 
-  * passive negation, //-'va//, not doing something; //sras̈as'va// would be "//not to plead//". 
-  * repetition, //na'-//, doing something again / once more, resuming something; //na'quanus// would be "//to live again; to resurrect//". 
-  * active negation, //ta'-//, doing the opposite of something; //ta'vedys// would be "//to forget//". 
-  * tenses; the 's' is dropped for these: 
-    * future II ([[http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Conditional_mood&oldid=554020209#German|present conditional]]), //o-form// 
-      * //sa -so// 
-      * //e -no// 
-      * //na -o// 
-      * //na'a -io// 
-      * //ka/ra/zetu -to// 
-      * //va -sol// 
-    * future, //aye-form// 
-      * //sa -saye// 
-      * //e -naye// 
-      * //na -ie// 
-      * //na'a -ye// 
-      * //ka/ra/zeto -taye// 
-      * //va -sayees// 
-    * present tense, //reduced base form// 
-      * //sa -s// 
-      * //e -n// 
-      * //na -// 
-      * //na'a -i// 
-      * //ka/ra/zetu -t// 
-      * //va -sis// 
-    * past tense, //es-form// 
-      * //sa -ses// 
-      * //e -nes// 
-      * //na -es// 
-      * //na'a -ies// 
-      * //ka/ra/zetu -tes// 
-      * //va -sises// 
  
 ===== Sentence Structure ===== ===== Sentence Structure =====
language/grammar.1511018555.txt.gz · Last modified: 2017/11/18 15:22 by 127.0.0.1

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