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language:grammar [2015/10/04 01:02] – external edit 127.0.0.1language:grammar [2020/01/19 16:51] (current) – Moved to new wiki pinkgothic
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-The language of the [[:Threadwielders]] has a simple and flexible grammar, in that it imposes few rules about the composition of sentences. In combination with the language's tendency to [[language:dictionary|portmanteau]] words and shorten them (see below), this has a tendency to cause ambiguities. For situations where clarity is important, or the ambiguity too great, adherence to the recommended sentence structure, without portmanteaus and abbreviations, is expected.+The language of the [[species:Threadwielders]] has a simple and flexible grammar, in that it imposes few rules about the composition of sentences. In combination with the language's tendency to [[language:dictionary|portmanteau]] words and shorten them (see below), this has a tendency to cause ambiguities. For situations where clarity is important, or the ambiguity too great, adherence to the recommended sentence structure, without portmanteaus and abbreviations, is expected.
  
-===== Compound Numbers =====+===== Sentence Structure =====
  
-The Threadwielder system does not have a fixed base and instead chains [[language:dictionary|numbers]] together as factors. To prevent this from resulting in excessively long words for numbers, the number being used as a base usually has its distinct suffix shortened into a prefix. A final //-atel// suffix is optional. +**NOTE: THIS SECTION IS NOT CANONICAL (yet). REH IS WORKING ON IT.**
- +
-If you were so inclined, you could use the long form and just go haywire: +
- +
-  aralaraharazarasharar +
-  = aralarah'arazarasharar +
-  = atel'aralarah'arazarasharar +
-  = atel + aral * arah + araz * arash * arar +
-  = 0 + 30 + 8 +
-  = 38 (decimal) +
- +
-...but you might get murdered for it. :) +
-   +
-Example shorthand usage with bases: +
- +
-  maraz +
-  = atel'maraz +
-  = atel'arazaram +
-  = atel + araz * (aram) +
-  = 0 + 1 * (10^1) +
-  = 10 (decimal) +
- +
-  matelmaraz +
-  = atelatelaramarazaramaram +
-  = atel'atelaram'arazaramaram +
-  = atel + atel * (aram) + araz * (aram * aram) +
-  = 0 + 0 * (10^1) + 1 * (10^2) +
-  = 100 (decimal) +
- +
-  arahmaraz +
-  = arah'maraz +
-  = arah'arazaram +
-  = arah + araz * (aram) +
-  = 6 + 1 * (10^1) +
-  = 16 (decimal) +
- +
-  arahmarazmaraz +
-  = arah'maraz'maraz +
-  = arah'arazaram'arazaramaram +
-  = arah + araz * (aram) + araz * (aram * aram) +
-  = 6 + 1 * (10^1) + 1 * (10^2) +
-  = 116 (decimal) +
- +
-  arazsharazshatelsharaz +
-  = araz'sharaz'shatel'sharaz +
-  = araz + araz * (arash) + atel * (arash * arash) + araz * (arash * arash * arash) +
-  = 1 + 1 * (2^1) + 0 * (2^2) + 1 * (2^3) +
-  = 1011 (base 2) +
-  = 11 (decimal) +
- +
-  ararharaz +
-  = arar'haraz +
-  = arar + araz * (arah) +
-  = 4 + 1 * (6^1) +
-  = 14 (base 6) +
-  = 10 (decimal) +
- +
-===== Personal Pronoun Inflections ===== +
- +
-There are three inflections on personal pronouns: Possessive, reflexive and honorific. +
- +
-  * //-i// for the possessive form, for example //sai// means //my//. +
-  * //e// replaces the last letter for the accusative form, for example //se// means //me//.\\ Not an exception: The accusative form of //e// is still //e//. That being said, some dialects might render it as //y// instead.\\ Exception: The accusative form of //na'a// is //ne'a//. +
-  * //-'ik// for the reflexive form, for example //sa'ik// means //myself//. +
-  * //-qa// or //-qua// or //-kwa// (compound word usually capitalised) for the honorific form, for example //Nakwa// would be an honorific form of //you//. +
-  * //-qi// or //-qui// or //-kwi// (compound word usually capitalised) for the honorific possessive form, for example //Nakwi// would be an honorific form of //your//. +
- +
-Note that //zetu// inflects as //Zetakwa// and //Zetakwi// rather than as //Zetukwa// and //Zetukwi// - though someone would definitely still be understood if they used latter. //e// inflects as //a// for the possessive form, but otherwise behaves normally (//Ekwa//, //Ekwi//). +
- +
-There are also two common contractions: +
- +
-  * //-'n// as a contraction of the pronoun and "//to be//", for example //sa'n// means //I'm//. +
-  * //-'s// as a contraction of the pronoun and "//should//" or "//ought to//", for example //sa's// means //I should//. +
- +
-===== Plural form ===== +
- +
-Plural nouns are denoted using the suffix //-'a//, e.g. //vahr'a// would be //worlds//. +
- +
-===== Words Derived From Nouns ===== +
- +
-==== Adjectives ==== +
- +
-  * //-'is//, meaning "//having the attributes of -//", e.g. //adaryr'is// would be //nightmarish//. +
-  * //-'ei//, meaning "//not having the attributes of -//", e.g. //aiit'ei// would be //optionless//. +
- +
-==== Nouns ==== +
- +
-  * //-'iij//, meaning "//a group that has (or is) -//"((roughly equivalent to //-hood// or //-ship// in English)), e.g. //valcee'iij// might be used to describe a particular group of warriors ("//a group that has strength//"). +
-  * //iku'-//, meaning "//virtual -//"((simulated, electronic or digital, but without any connotation of non-existence)), e.g. //iku'preeth// would be a blog. +
-  * //ji'-//, describing connected space between two or more of the base noun((roughly equivalent to the English prefix //inter-//)), //ji'los̈a// could be "//interplanetary space//"((To get only the adjective "//interplanetary//", apply an adjective modifier: //ji'los̈a'is//)). +
- +
-===== Adjective Inflection ===== +
- +
-  * //-'ar// denoting "//more -//", e.g. //temi'ar// for //warmer//. +
-  * //-'arar// denoting "//most -//", e.g. //khalei'arar// for //craziest//. +
-  * //-ma// to create an adverb((This does not usually stack with //'is// (unless it's necessary to remove ambiguities). For example, //szamhama// is //securely// (from the noun //szamha//, security, synonymous with and reduced from //szamha'isma//), and //khaleima// is //crazily// (from the adjective //khalei//).)). +
- +
-===== Verb Inflection ===== +
- +
-All base forms of verbs end in a [[language:alphabet|vowel]] and an //s//: +
- +
-  * //-as//\\ the most common form, as in //sras̈as// (to plead) +
-  * //-es//\\ as in //azhares// (to clad/encase in armour) +
-  * //-is//\\ as in //sekis// (to make) +
-  * //-os//\\ as in //sarijos// (to apologise) +
-  * //-us//\\ as in //quanus// (to live) +
-  * //-ys//\\ as in //vedys// (to think) +
- +
-The alterations made to the base form can either be: +
- +
-  * passive negation, //-'va//, not doing something; //sras̈as'va// would be "//not to plead//". +
-  * repetition, //na'-//, doing something again / once more, resuming something; //na'quanus// would be "//to live again; to resurrect//". +
-  * active negation, //ta'-//, doing the opposite of something; //ta'vedys// would be "//to forget//". +
-  * tenses; the 's' is dropped for these: +
-    * future II ([[http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Conditional_mood&oldid=554020209#German|present conditional]]), //o-form// +
-      * //sa -so// +
-      * //e -no// +
-      * //na -o// +
-      * //na'a -io// +
-      * //ka/ra/zetu -to// +
-      * //va -sol// +
-    * future, //aye-form// +
-      * //sa -saye// +
-      * //e -naye// +
-      * //na -ie// +
-      * //na'a -ye// +
-      * //ka/ra/zeto -taye// +
-      * //va -sayees// +
-    * present tense, //reduced base form// +
-      * //sa -s// +
-      * //e -n// +
-      * //na -// +
-      * //na'a -i// +
-      * //ka/ra/zetu -t// +
-      * //va -sis// +
-    * past tense, //es-form// +
-      * //sa -ses// +
-      * //e -nes// +
-      * //na -es// +
-      * //na'a -ies// +
-      * //ka/ra/zetu -tes// +
-      * //va -sises// +
- +
-===== Sentence Structure =====+
  
 Declarative sentences have a fairly simple subject-verb-object structure. Most frequently, the subject represents an agent of the verb (i.e., the person or thing //doing// the action), whereas the object tends to represent the patient of the verb (i.e., that which the action is being //done to//). Some verbs are intransitive, and will not take any objects; others may take additional indirect objects. (**@todo: example sentences**) Declarative sentences have a fairly simple subject-verb-object structure. Most frequently, the subject represents an agent of the verb (i.e., the person or thing //doing// the action), whereas the object tends to represent the patient of the verb (i.e., that which the action is being //done to//). Some verbs are intransitive, and will not take any objects; others may take additional indirect objects. (**@todo: example sentences**)
language/grammar.1443920520.txt.gz · Last modified: 2017/11/18 15:22 (external edit)
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